Of all the factors affecting fertility—from where you store your cell phone to recreational drug use and plastics exposure—science is adding another modern reality to the list: Covid-19.

Men can make certain choices to boost fertility, making it equally important to understand which external factors could be damaging, too. With the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting that Covid-19 cases are on the rise in the US once again, and with more than 12% of American couples estimated to be experiencing infertility, some scientists have found it worth investigating: Could the many long-term health implications of Covid include harming our reproductive capacity?

In June 2024, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) put forth an official definition of long Covid at the request of several government entities, defining the disease as “an infection-associated chronic condition that occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and is present for at least three months as a continuous, relapsing and remitting, or progressive disease state that affects one or more organ systems.” NASEM notes that respiratory issues, fatigue, problems with memory or concentration, heart health complications, trouble sleeping and digestive symptoms could all be signs of long Covid—but, they add, a full list would require hundreds of entries.

In order to get a clearer picture of Covid’s lasting impact on the human body, leading researchers around the globe have examined its effects on seemingly unrelated factors like our hair, skin and, yes, reproductive health. However, most prior research on Covid and fertility has focused on female sex organs—which is why a new study out of Japan is evolving the conversation as it relates to men.

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In this study, published in June 2024 in the Journal of Infection & Chemotherapy, the researchers focused on men who had recovered from Covid-19 to analyze its potential lingering impact on their reproductive function. The participants, aged between 38 and 52, provided semen samples for evaluation.

The semen analyses revealed that the median semen volume was 2.5 milliliter, and the median sperm concentration was 98.9 million per milliliter. According to the Mayo Clinic, this meets the metric for diagnosing low sperm count, which is classified as fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter.

But while the small sample per milliliter yielded technically low sperm count, the median total sperm count was 212.1 million. Compared to a previous study of adult Japenese men which calculated the median total sperm count to be about 201 million, these results indicate that recovered Covid-19 patients may not have lower sperm counts than they had before infection, suggesting that Covid’s impact on male fertility could be minimal.

The severity of Covid cases varied between participants, but the researchers report there was no significant decrease in sperm quality even among those with severe cases. Reassuringly, these findings indicate that Covid-19 may not negatively affect male reproductive health.

The research team notes that the hypothesized reasons Covid affects sperm “may be primarily due to the systemic inflammatory response and the induction of oxidative stress.” More research may be warranted, but the study may serve as a reminder that the best way to protect yourself from potential poor outcomes is to take preventive measures against COVID-19. This includes getting vaccinated, following public health guidelines and staying informed about the latest research.

Also, in the event future research finds that indeed inflammation and oxidative stress do have an impact on fertility, it’s worth following lifestyle habits that counteract this effect. This includes following a healthy diet full of plants while avoiding inflammatory foods like processed meat, practicing regular exercise, and getting restful sleep, which repairs the body’s cells.

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You might be familiar with—or even know someone who has seen remarkable weight loss results from—medications like Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro and Zepbound. Perhaps you’ve wondered just how much weight you can lose with these drugs, and whether one is particularly more effective than the others. To understand their effectiveness, knowing how these medications work is essential.

“Weight loss medications (like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro) target areas of the brain that regulate appetite and food intake,” explains Dr. Spencer Nadolsky, DO, WeightWatchers medical director and board-certified obesity and lipid doctor. These medications mimic the body’s natural GLP-1 (a hormone that regulates appetite and insulin release), which the body quickly breaks down to produce similar peptides and molecules that have a longer-lasting effect. “In other words, the effects of GLP-1 medications in the gut and brain work together to help the body feel less hungry and feel full faster with the amount of food consumed.”

Reena Bose, MD, a board-certified obesity medicine specialist at the Cleveland Clinic, notes that dual agonist weight loss medications like tirzepatide (Mounjaro and Zepbound) are more potent than single agonist drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy (different names for semaglutide), leading to greater weight loss. It’s called “dual-agonist” because it does everything semaglutides do, but it also works on GIP receptors, which helps patients avoid hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).

However, Dr. Bose also emphasizes the need to improve the “3 A’s” of these drugs: Access, affordability, and availability. Despite their effectiveness, the cost remains prohibitive for many, as most health insurance plans do not cover these medications, often leaving patients to pay out of pocket. “We really need to be our patients’ advocates by improving access and cost of these drugs so it is available to all our patients, across all demographics,” Dr. Bose states.

If you’re curious to learn which medication is the safest, most effective, and best suited to help you reach your goals, continue reading as these obesity medicine experts share their insights and the latest scientific findings and clinical trials.

How much weight can you lose on weight loss drugs like Ozempic?

“The new generation of these GLP-1 medicines can lead to an average of at least 15% weight loss with semaglutide, but can get to over 20% with tirzepatide,” explains Dr. Nadolsky.

Additionally, Dr. Bose points to specific results from the SURMOUNT TRIALS, noting that with Mounjaro and Zepbound, you can expect close to 22% weight loss, and with Wegovy, around 17% weight loss. She emphasizes that these results can be further enhanced when patients adopt healthy lifestyle changes surrounding diet, exercise, sleep, and stress management.

Do certain health conditions influence the choice of weight loss drugs?

Dr. Nadolsky shares the clinical preference for semaglutide in certain cases: “Semaglutide specifically has been shown to reduce major cardiovascular events, so if one has a history of cardiovascular disease, this medicine may be preferred. Tirzepatide is being studied for this but we do not know if it is helpful yet.”

For patients with hypoglycemia, Dr. Bose recommends Zepbound or Mounjaro. These medications are beneficial because they help prevent low-sugar episodes by aiding in releasing glucagon, which can increase blood sugar levels.

Dr. Bose also discusses recent findings: “There are results coming out of the SURMOUNT-OSA trial that Zepbound can help treat moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea and sleep-related outcomes.”

Overall, both classes of drugs offer substantial benefits for patients looking to manage their chronic diseases through weight reduction and improve their overall quality of life.

Which weight loss drug is the safest?

“Both drugs are very safe. They have been FDA approved following clinical trials demonstrating their safety and efficacy,” says Dr. Bose.

Dr. Nadolsky adds insight into patient experiences, noting, “They have similar tolerability and safety profiles although clinically, we hear patients say they tolerate tirzepatide better. This may be due to the GIP component that has anti-emetic properties.” (Note: “Anti-emetic” refers to a substance that helps prevent vomiting.)

Both doctors acknowledge that the most common side effects include mild nausea, which typically diminishes within a few weeks, and constipation. However, in rare cases, severe nausea and vomiting can occur, leading to dehydration, which can be harmful to the kidneys. Incorporating healthy lifestyle habits such as eating nutrient-rich meals, ensuring adequate hydration, and staying active can help alleviate these potential side effects.

Patients are advised to always discuss these medications’ potential risks and benefits with their healthcare provider—the experts suggest that in some cases, the benefits will outweigh the risks.

Which weight loss drug will help me reach my weight loss goals?

“With the SELECT trial, we now have four years of data showing people tend to keep the weight off after they initially lose it with these medications as long as they keep taking it,” Dr. Nadolsky explains. “Most people who take GLP-1 weight loss medications will stop losing weight between 12 to 15 months. Having said that, some people may continue to lose weight even after 15 months, especially if they start and continue healthful lifestyle changes like increasing exercise.”

So, a really big determining factor in which medication will help you reach your weight loss goals quicker is the habits you incorporate while taking it:

• Change how and what you eat: Choose nutrient-rich foods to aid long-term, healthy weight loss. Adequate protein is key to feeling full, stabilizing blood sugar and keeping muscle. Fiber helps you stay full longer and eases constipation from medications. Lower-fat meals may reduce side effects.
• Add daily movement to your routine: While all exercise is beneficial as long as you avoid injury, strength and resistance training, such as weight lifting, Pilates, yoga and bodyweight exercises, helps preserve muscle during rapid weight loss. Muscle also leads to steadier metabolization of calories even when you’re resting.
• Stay hydrated: It’s crucial to drink enough water daily. This may be worth tracking in a fitness or nutrition app.

Dr. Bose also discusses the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach, where a dedicated team of professionals provides personalized treatment for each patient. This support includes registered dietitians, exercise physiologists and behavioral psychologists who manage various eating disorders, such as binge eating, overeating syndrome and emotional eating. They also collaborate with sleep physicians to enhance sleep quality and treat sleep apnea, helping optimize patient weight loss outcomes.

What to keep in mind

Before diving too deep into which weight loss drug will yield the quickest results or shed the most pounds, Dr. Nadolsky reminds us: “Just like life, your wellness journey isn’t linear—it’s filled with ups and downs, but that doesn’t mean you aren’t making hard-won progress.”

Rather than fixating on the scale, it’s important to acknowledge and celebrate your non-scale victories. He encourages, “Celebrate the healthier choices you make each day, the times you choose to be active and the moments you overcome cravings.”

About the expert Spencer Nadolsky, DO, is the WeightWatchers medical director, and board-certified obesity and lipid doctor. He is also co-host of Docs Who Lift podcast. Reena Bose, MD, is a board-certified obesity medicine doctor at the Cleveland Clinic. She is also associate clinical assistant professor at Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

For more wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• • I Took the “Ozempic Probiotic”—Here’s What Happened
  • Here’s When You Should Eat on Semaglutides, According to a Doctor of Obesity Medicine
  • 5 Foods to Avoid on Semaglutides, Listed by a Doctor of Obesity Medicine
  • 6 Foods To Eat on Semaglutides, Listed by a Doctor of Obesity Medicine

Sex tends to be good for relationships, but it also boasts many health benefits: Enhanced immunity, improved sleep, better mental health and, yes, better heart health. A vibrant sex life and a healthy heart often go hand in hand, which is why doctors recommend not only a heart-healthy diet for longevity but also for maintaining stamina in the bedroom.

Scientific research has established a link between sexual activity and blood pressure. The American Heart Association (AHA) explains that prolonged high blood pressure can damage blood vessels, reducing their ability to circulate blood efficiently. This decreased blood flow can affect various parts of the body, including the pelvic region, potentially impacting sexual function for both men and women.

Given this link, it’s reasonable to ask whether an active sex life could not only enhance overall health but also serve as a natural way to combat hypertension by lowering blood pressure. Continue reading to discover what medical experts say and to learn precautions for engaging in sexual activity with high blood pressure.

Is sex good for the heart?

Yes, the heart benefits from regular physical activity, and sex is no exception. Considered a moderate form of exercise, sex not only increases the heart rate but also improves blood flow.

Michael Blaha, MD, MPH, director of clinical research at the Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, points out intriguing findings. Research has shown that men who engage in sexual activity at least twice a week and women who report satisfying sex lives are at a reduced risk of experiencing heart attacks. Intimacy also deepens emotional bonds in relationships, and this can help alleviate feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety—factors that are known to contribute to an increased risk of heart disease.

Does sex improve blood pressure?

Yes, sex does help lower blood pressure. While the effects aren’t permanent, it’s still a beneficial way to gain some advantages from sexual intercourse, explains Jessica Shepherd, MD, MBA, FACOG, a board-certified OB/GYN, and fellowship-trained Minimally Invasive Surgeon and women’s health expert.

This decrease in blood pressure can be attributed to the release of endorphins during sexual activity, which helps relax the blood vessels. “Endorphins are helpful as natural stress relievers and can cause a temporary decrease in blood pressure,” Dr. Shepherd states. She adds, “There is also oxytocin, a very important hormone released [during sex] that is known to decrease cortisol.” So, sex can serve as one of the ways to reduce cortisol and thereby also help lower blood pressure.

Menopause can make women more vulnerable to high blood pressure and affect their sexual experiences. However, there is encouraging news: Dr. Shepherd highlights a study showing that regular sexual activity helps lower blood pressure, particularly in women. The study found that women between the ages of 57 and 85 who engaged in regular sex were less likely to suffer from hypertension.

Given that blood pressure and sex are influenced by many factors, it remains essential for both men and women to consult with their healthcare provider to explore how this fits into their overall health strategy and to determine what other approaches may be necessary to manage blood pressure effectively.

Is it safe to have sex if you have high blood pressure?

The AHA shares that cardiovascular events—such as heart attacks or chest pain from heart disease (angina)—are rare during sexual activity, largely because such activity is typically brief. However, if high blood pressure is uncontrolled or associated with other significant heart health issues, it can pose risks. Here are some key considerations:

• Stable condition: If your blood pressure is well-controlled through medication or lifestyle changes, sexual activity is usually safe. Maintaining regular check-ups is important to ensure your condition remains stable.
• Monitor symptoms: Be aware of any symptoms that might suggest your heart condition could be worsening, such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or excessive fatigue. If you experience any of these symptoms during sexual activity, you should stop and consult your doctor.
• Consult with your doctor: It’s a good idea to talk with your healthcare provider about your overall cardiovascular health and how it might impact your sex life. Your doctor can provide specific recommendations based on your personal health profile.
• Medication side effects: Be aware of the side effects of any blood pressure medications, as some can affect sexual function. If you experience side effects that impact your quality of life, including your sex life, discuss these with your doctor. Adjustments to your treatment plan may be possible.
• Physical exertion and safety: Sexual activity can be compared to moderate physical exertion, like brisk walking or climbing two flights of stairs. If you can perform such activities without chest pain or undue breathlessness, you’re likely able to engage in sexual activity safely.

Dr. Blaha concludes: “Is there a chance of having a heart attack during sex? Yes. Your risk is slightly elevated whenever you’re physically active, whether it’s sexual activity or going for a run or any other type of aerobic exercise, compared to when you’re resting. But for people with a stable heart, the long-term benefits of regular physical activity—including sex—far outweigh the risks.”

About the expert Michael Blaha, MD, MPH, director of clinical research at the Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease. He is an editor for the Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Associate Editor for the Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Clinical Community on acc.org, and is a standing member of the Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drug Advisory Committee (EMDAC) for the FDA. He is Principal Investigator for the Coronary Artery Calcium Consortium, co-chair of the Cross Cohort Collaboration, and a Principle Investigator for the American Heart Association (AHA) Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center. Jessica Shepherd, MD, MBA, FACOG, is a board-certified OB/GYN, fellowship trained Minimally Invasive Surgeon and women’s health expert. She has also received formal training from The Institute for Functional Medicine. Dr. Shepherd frequently appears as an expert on prominent shows such as Good Morning America, The Today Show, CNN, CBS News, and others.

For daily wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• 50 Interesting Sex Facts You Probably Didn’t Know
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• 13 Sex Problems You Should Take Seriously
• 14 Things You Should Never, Ever Do in Bed

When it’s too hot to cook, or you’ve been so busy that the spinach you bought last weekend has wilted, it’s always a win to remember the bag of vegetables you’ve got in the freezer—especially when they’re the three-minute, steam-in-bag kind.

But rightfully so, many Americans are growing increasingly concerned about “forever chemicals,” also known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). More and more research reveals how prevalently PFAS lurk in our water, the air, our food, and, yes, the packaging it comes in.

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), PFAS are a large group of man-made chemicals used globally in consumer products since the 1950s. You’ll find them in everything from non-stick pans and stain-resistant carpets to food packaging and firefighting foam. These chemicals are notorious for their durability—they don’t break down, so they persist in the environment and, unfortunately, make their way into our food supply. 

The health risks associated with PFAS are serious. “PFAS have been shown to disrupt hormones, weaken bones, and cause illness even at low levels of exposure,” explains Beth Czerwony, MS, RD, CSOWM, LD, a clinical registered dietician at the Cleveland Clinic Center for Human Nutrition.

Given the serious concerns about PFAS contamination, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which oversees the safety of food ingredients and packaging, took significant steps in February 2024. It declared that materials containing PFAS, specifically those used for grease-proofing, will no longer be permitted in food packaging. This eliminates a major source of PFAS exposure from everyday items like fast-food wrappers, microwave popcorn bags, take-out containers and pet food bags.

This move marks a monumental win for public health, but it’s also worth learning ways to protect yourself and your family. Ahead, experts share what you need to know about PFAS when it involves steaming those frozen vegetables in their microwaveable packaging. 

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Is it safe to steam frozen vegetables?

The short answer is yes, but with a caveat. “While there is no harm in microwaving foods themselves, heating foods in containers not made to be exposed to high temperatures can lead to the PFAS being leached into the foods you are consuming,” warns Czerwony.

According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), some packaging materials used by consumers are not safe. Czerwony brings this home with a relatable example: “Think when Mom would put leftovers in a margarine container, and then you’d reheat them for lunch the next day.” To ensure safety, she advises using containers specifically marked as food-safe. These are designed to withstand high temperatures without releasing any harmful substances.

While some plastic containers are labeled microwave-safe, some experts still recommend using glass or ceramic bowls as a precaution. This way, you can steam your vegetables without worrying about potential chemical leaching.

Do frozen vegetables have PFAS?

When it comes to PFAS, we are often concerned about their presence in packaging—but what about the food inside? A team of researchers in one of Italy’s agriculture capitals sought to answer this question in a study published in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Food Chemistry in June 2023.

The study revealed that ready-to-eat vegetables typically exhibit higher levels of PFAS than their fresh and frozen counterparts. This increase is likely due to the extensive processing and packaging that ready-to-eat items undergo. On the other hand, frozen vegetables exhibited significantly lower PFAS levels, consistently meeting the safety guidelines set by the European Commission.

The study also indicated that organic ready-to-eat vegetables might contain lower levels of PFAS, possibly due to the absence of pesticides in organic farming. However, as this research is the first of its kind, the authors call for more studies to confirm these initial findings and to fully understand PFAS levels in different types of vegetables.

Does heat break down PFAS?

One of the trickiest aspects of PFAS is their resistance to breaking down under typical environmental conditions, which is why they are often called “forever chemicals.” Cooking or heating food does not degrade these chemicals, which means they remain in the environment and food products irrespective of temperature changes. This persistence is what makes PFAS particularly concerning and challenging to manage.

How do I avoid eating PFAS with my food?

Reducing your exposure to PFAS through your diet involves a few proactive steps:

• Choose fresh and frozen foods wisely: Opt for fresh, organic or frozen foods less likely to have been in contact with PFAS-containing materials.
• Be selective with cookware and storage: Avoid using non-stick cookware, which often contains PFAS. Instead, use alternatives like stainless steel, ceramic, or cast iron. For food storage, opt for glass or stainless steel over plastic containers.
• Consider water sources: Since PFAS can contaminate water supplies, consider using a water filter that can remove PFAS from your tap water, especially if you live in an area known to have PFAS contamination.
• Stay informed about brands and products: Some companies have committed to reducing or eliminating PFAS from their products and packaging. Supporting these brands can help reduce your overall exposure.

About the expert Beth Czerwony, MS, RD, CSOWM, LD, has been a clinical registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic Center for Human Nutrition since 2007. She earned her master’s degree in dietetics from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and holds a certification in obesity and weight management.

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If there’s one benefit from having struggled with weight in my childhood, it’s that by age 11, I’d been forced to embrace healthy eating and daily walks or bike rides. What most of us didn’t understand in the 1980s and ’90s is what we’re finally accepting today: Contrary to traditional belief, having a fuller body type is often not due to laziness or a lack of discipline. For many of us, it’s genetic and scientific. That’s one reason an estimated 16 million Americans are benefiting from the injectable diabetes medications, like GLP-1 agonists, that have exploded onto the weight loss market.

The Cleveland Clinic explains that GLP-1 agonist medications like Ozempic and Mounjaro work by “triggering your pancreas to release more insulin,” adding: “The slowed digestion also helps decrease blood sugar spikes.” These factors can play into appetite, digestion, the metabolization of food into energy—and in turn, possibly weight loss.

But some of us don’t want to take medication unless it’s to deal with a diagnosed condition. And, some of us also have loved ones who need these injectable drugs to manage their diabetes. If you’re like me, you don’t want to contribute to the unavailability problem that many diabetes patients have experienced in the past couple years.

Still, no thanks to the pandemic, a lot of us have found we need help—something to jumpstart our systems and help us trim down again. In my own case, as I’m sure plenty can relate to, it felt like life was just piling the weight onto me. Never had I been so sedentary as I was at the start of the pandemic, when my work called me to sit in front of a computer for often 12 hours a day. A year in, my now-husband underwent cancer treatments—then a year after his diagnosis and six months into remission, his career called us to move across the country. We were excited for a new start in Northern California, with farmers markets and year-round sunshine and biking and hiking trails! But as soon as we arrived, I learned I was pregnant. One miscarriage was followed by a second exactly a year later, with me managing lingering logistics of our move (including three cross-country drives) in between.

With both pregnancies I put my health, not work, first and re-adopted a steady gym routine. After the second loss I added weekly acupuncture sessions. “You’re damp,” my acupuncture doctor said, which was her way of saying that my body was retaining a lot of water. My body, my hormones, were adjusting to my early forties just as I was experiencing pregnancy for the first, then second, time. My body didn’t look or feel like the strong, fit machine I’d spent my adult years developing. Last winter it was serendipitous that my old driver’s license expired before I’d had the chance to apply for one in our new state: For months, I took advantage of the reason to walk everywhere I needed to go.

I figured even if this didn’t begin to help me trim down, at least long walks in the sun would be good for my mind. I didn’t want to turn to prescription medication, but I asked my primary care doctor whether I should consider it. For my circumstances, he responded that it was “not something I would recommend.” I was glad I could put the question out of my mind. Still, I thought…I needed a little help with my appetite and the weight I’d gained.

Last winter, around that same time, a representative for Pendulum reached out to our team about their “gut health” product. Every day we receive dozens of pitches asking us to feature wellness products, and not all of them seem genuinely safe or effective. Their collaboration with a Hollywood actress made me a little uncertain of the brand: I don’t want bells and whistles from the products I sample; I want science-backed results and safe ingredients. But I suppose it did help cement their name on my radar.

But as their reps stayed in touch, I read their emails closely: The team who developed Pendulum was “made up of experts in microbiology, biochemistry, medicine and nutrition from research institutions such as Johns Hopkins, Cornell, Stanford, and Mayo Clinic,” they said. With that caliber of researchers involved, I took them up on the offer to sample a 30-day supply.

I don’t believe that there’s a magic pill for getting in shape—being healthier takes a commitment to total wellness. But my 30-day experience turned into 60 days, and then 90. That’s because for me, discovering these supplements made a very noticeable shift in my appetite, energy, and my body’s efficiency to process food. They didn’t disrupt my sleep or make my heart race like I’ve heard old-school “diet pills” can do—in fact, my sleep quality has improved. (Keep reading.)

Speak with your doctor before changing your diet or trying new supplements or other health products.

How these probiotics work

Pendulum brand marketing materials explain that when a human eats, this triggers metabolic processes in the body. Certain bacteria that live in a healthy gut convert the fiber we eat into butyrate, which slows down how quickly the stomach empties and makes us feel fuller for longer. Also, one strain of gut bacteria, Akkermansia municiphilia, acts as probiotic that the brand says “helps strengthen the gut lining, improves digestive health, and helps manage a healthy weight.” Akkermansia also triggers the secretion of GLP-1.

GLP-1 then sends the message to the pancreas to produce insulin, which slows the emptying of the stomach and messages to the brain that you’re full. So whereas grehlin is known as the “hunger hormone” that tells your body you need to eat, Pendulum calls GLP-1 the “un-hunger hormone that helps curb appetite and cravings.”

Under ideal circumstances—that is, with a well-balanced gut microbiome that contains the correct amounts of healthy bacteria, such as Akkermansia—all of this happens in rhythm. However, they explain, GLP-1 can decrease due to age and all sorts of lifestyle factors that affect the gut. These might include stress, diet, physical activity, sleep, medications, and more.

So, to date, the Pendulum products I’ve tried are:

• The GLP-1 probiotic, which the brand says “naturally curbs cravings.” I sampled a 30-day supply and wanted to keep it up, except that when I went to re-purchase the product on Amazon, it didn’t appear to be available.
• So instead, I bought the Metabolic Daily Bundle in a 30-day supply. This includes the Akkermansia muciniphila, which the brand suggests they’ve exclusively developed as a product, as well as the Metabolic Daily, which is a blend of multiple probiotic bacteria.
• I also purchased the Polyphenol Booster, simply for the antioxidant benefits of its pomegranate, green tea, and grape seed ingredients.

How to take, and store, these products

A representative for Pendulum asked me to emphasize: “Pendulum products are not intended for weight loss. [They are] meant to curb cravings and reduce appetite, all in service of maintaining a healthy weight.” I spent ages 11 through 26 weighing myself daily, so I don’t do that anymore—but to me as a tough self-critic, it’s obvious there’s been an effect from what I can discern from the mirror, the fit of my clothes, and the way my body moves.

To discuss my experience, I connected with Pendulum chief medical officer Dr. Adam Perlman, MD, MPH, who is the former director of Integrative Health and Wellbeing at the Mayo Clinic’s Florida campus and former associate vice president for health and wellness at the Duke University Health System.

My original shipment came without instructions, and a brief online search suggested it was best to store this probiotic in the fridge. I wanted to verify this with Dr. Perlman, who responded: “While refrigeration isn’t strictly necessary, all of our probiotics are formulated with live bacterial strains, so refrigeration can help maintain the viability of the strains for a longer period of time.”

Was there a best time to take them?, I asked. Are they better on an empty stomach, or are they most effective when they’re taken with food, like fat-soluble vitamins? “The best time of day is the time that you will remember to take your probiotic consistently,” Dr. Perlman told me. “Some people find that taking probiotics with food is best for them, but there is no best time. You just want to be consistent.”

And—because there’s a handful of foods to eat on semaglutides like Ozempic—are there foods that can be complementary to this supplement? “Yes,” Dr. Perlman said, “there are foods you can eat to support your probiotics. Fiber-rich fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provide essential fuel for the good bacteria in your gut. These bacteria thrive on this fiber, creating a healthy gut environment. Additionally,” he said, “polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables, and some dark chocolate (enjoyed in moderation!) offer protection for these beneficial bacteria. By prioritizing a diet rich in both fiber and polyphenols, you’re laying the foundation for a thriving gut microbiome, potentially impacting overall health.”

With all this in mind, here’s what I experienced from taking these probiotics.

The effects I experienced from this GLP-1 probiotic

My hunger is less severe

For most of my adulthood, my morning routine has been like clockwork: After waking up and walking the dog for 20 minutes, I’d drink a big glass of water and pour my coffee, then sit down to my desk and focus into my work. I always know when it’s 11 a.m. because my hunger creeps up then suddenly feels so violent that, as I told Dr. Perlman, I feel like my stomach is caving in on itself. Often by noon, I eat a heavy meal while feeling pulled back to my desk so quickly that I eat fast to send my body gets the message that I’m full. Fast eating is not good for the gut.

Starting on the very first day I tried the GLP-1 probiotic, that intense degree of hunger was no longer the case. Was it not normal for me to experience the insane level of hunger I have always felt early in my day?, I asked Dr. Perlman. In other words, did my hunger suggest that these bacteria weren’t present in my belly in the quantities they should be?

Dr. Perlman’s answer was gentle: “The ideal gut microbiome composition in a perfectly healthy person may not necessarily reflect the specific bacterial strains or quantities present in Pendulum probiotics,” he said. “However, our formulations are designed to target common imbalances observed in modern diets, aiming to restore a more optimal gut environment. Many people complain of significant cravings and hunger that can be difficult to control. Several factors can contribute to this, including an imbalance in gut bacteria, often referred to as ‘dysbioisis.’ Pendulum probiotics, specifically [the] GLP-1 Probiotic, were designed … to help promote a gut environment that supports healthy appetite regulation.”

When Amazon’s unavailability of the GLP-1 probiotic spurred me to purchase the Metabolism Bundle instead, I noticed the effect even more. (My mom, who has been taking the products for a little over a month, experienced the opposite and said the GLP-1 has been most effective for her.) I simply did not get as hungry, and didn’t need to eat as much as I often need to feel full.

My sugar cravings lessened

My afternoon sugar craving hits right around the hour when my schoolday used to end so many years ago—and it is a beast. Trying these probiotics, I could not believe that while I still had a taste for a little something sweet, for the first time in my life it felt like I had a choice about whether to give in. This was another noticeable, almost instantaneous shift.

Dr. Perlman said my experience aligned with the findings of a survey the company conducted. Of 274 participants, 91% reported reduced overall food cravings at six weeks.

My emotional eating was confirmed

While my sweet tooth was suddenly under control, I have still felt the urge to wrap my work day by snacking on something sweet, sometimes accompanied (or replaced) by something crunchy and salty.

The truth is, I’ve always known that my daily snacking session has been a way to decompress. The good news with Pendulum is that it’s been so much easier for me to step away from the treats after a small bite.

My sleep improved

I’m a light sleeper to begin with, which means a lack of restful sleep calls me to nap in the afternoons. Any formula that promises to amp up my metabolism makes me wary that my sleep will be disrupted even more.

Thirty days into taking the GLP-1, I noticed I was sleeping better and didn’t feel the need to rest in the afternoons. “I’m not surprised to hear about your experience,” Dr. Perlman said, because some of Pendulum’s blends, particularly Metabolic Daily, “help you sustain your energy levels … by helping your body better metabolize sugars and carbohydrates, converting the food you eat into energy more efficiently. This may help prevent sugar crashes, and yes, may lead to sustained energy levels.”

Yes, I have trimmed down

Taking these Pendulum probiotics has become part of a daily routine that has helped me get my body back to a place that I recognize. The support managing my hunger has been a great complement to my morning routine of eating protein before I have my coffee. Pendulum has also helped manage my hunger after I exercise…and those results are showing more lately, too.

So the probiotics are helping to contribute to a slimmer summer—but, I asked Dr. Perlman, were they directly helping my metabolism?

“The Akkermansia muciniphila in the products you are taking is an important probiotic strain for gut health and metabolism,” he explained. “Research has shown that Akkermansia, along with the other strains in the products, have a positive influence on metabolism most likely through effects on the release of GLP-1 hormone.

How long should someone take the products before seeing results?

I started to notice immediate effect on my hunger and cravings, and it took about six weeks before I started to really notice a change in how my body looked in the mirror. However, I’d read that these products can be even more effective if they’re taken for 60 days. What timeframe should someone expect to feel and see the results?

“This is a common question,” Dr. Perlman said. “The timeframe for experiencing the full benefits of a probiotic can vary depending on the initial state of your gut microbiome. If there’s a significant imbalance of bacteria in your gut, it may take longer to see a noticeable effect. As a general guideline, I typically recommend a minimum of 90 days of consistent use. It’s important to remember that probiotics work by introducing beneficial bacteria. Once you stop taking them, the impact on your gut microbiome may diminish.”

Even when we went away for a beach weekend and I forgot to bring them, I noticed I didn’t get super hungry. By the fourth day without these probiotics, my hunger level reminded me it was time to get back into my routine.

For more wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• “Here’s What Happened When I Stopped Taking Ozempic”: One Patient’s Story Navigating a New Normal
• ‘Counterfeit’ Ozempic Is Under Investigation As at Least 3 Users Are Hospitalized
• I’m a Doctor: Here’s Why I’ve Prescribed Ozempic to the ‘Healthy Overweight’
• Insurance Will Now Cover Popular Weight Loss Drugs for Some Patients

Managing high blood pressure can be an intricate and delicate balancing act, where every lifestyle choice plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy equilibrium. Embracing natural strategies, like limiting alcohol and getting regular exercise, can make a significant difference. These healthy choices may also lead to shedding a few pounds, which can be a particularly impactful option for controlling high blood pressure. “When people lose weight, they are relieving a lot of extra stress on the body,” explains Meghan Garcia-Webb, MD, who is triple-board-certified in internal medicine, lifestyle medicine, and obesity medicine.

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According to the Mayo Clinic, even modest weight loss can have significant benefits. Generally, for every kilogram (about 2.2 pounds) you lose, your blood pressure can drop by about one millimeter of mercury (mm Hg).

Dr. Garcia-Webb emphasizes the evidence that weight reduction can lead to lower blood pressure: “It may be the hormonal changes that matter the most, and we can observe this in bariatric studies, where the hormonal changes and initial blood pressure drop can happen prior to the subsequent weight loss.”

Continue reading to uncover the intricate links between blood pressure and weight loss, explore whether some weight loss strategies are more effective than others and learn whether weight loss can help you reduce or eliminate your blood pressure medication.

How losing weight can reverse high blood pressure

First, let’s understand why there’s a connection between weight and blood pressure. Dr. Garcia-Webb explains that extra weight can lead to high blood pressure in several key ways:

• Inflammatory proteins: Excess fat releases inflammatory signaling proteins that can damage the lining of blood vessels, making them stiffer and more susceptible to injury.

• Kidney function: The additional fat increases salt and water retention by the kidneys. This excess fluid places greater strain on the heart and blood vessels.

• Hormonal impact: Increased body weight results in higher levels of hormones like insulin and leptin. As mentioned, these hormones affect kidney function and activate the sympathetic nervous system, constricting blood vessels further.

• Reduction in adiponectin: Excess fat decreases adiponectin levels, a beneficial protein that reduces inflammation in the blood vessels and helps prevent high blood pressure.

The culmination of these processes is increased bodily fluids and stiffening of blood vessels, which are more prone to damage—creating a harmful cycle that escalates blood pressure. Dr. Garcia-Webb points out that when you lose weight through healthy lifestyle adjustments, medications, surgery, or a combination of these approaches, it’s natural to see your blood pressure improve, too. This, in turn, can lower your risk of a slew of cardiovascular diseases, including:

• Heart attacks

• Heart failure

• Aortic aneurysms

• Peripheral vascular disease

• Strokes

• Sudden cardiac death

Losing weight also reduces your risk of sleep apnea, which often goes unnoticed but can seriously impact your health. Sleep apnea happens when your breathing stops and starts repeatedly during sleep, straining your heart and often leading to high blood pressure.

How much weight loss can lower blood pressure?

“In general, the greater the weight loss, the greater the reduction in blood pressure. But even weight loss of 5 to 10% can reduce blood pressure,” shares Dr. Garcia-Webb.

Additionally, you should expect improvements in your cholesterol levels. Losing weight helps reduce body fat and lowers the likelihood of inflammation.

Will weight loss allow me to stop taking blood pressure medication?

“It is not at all uncommon for patients that lose weight to decrease their blood pressure medications or even stop them altogether. Not everyone can do this, but losing weight can greatly improve your chances,” explains Dr. Garcia-Webb.

It’s important to never adjust your blood pressure medication on your own. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes.

Are there specific weight loss strategies that are more effective in reducing blood pressure?

“Lifestyle strategies are the cornerstone of reducing blood pressure—lowering salt and alcohol intake are key,” says Dr. Garcia-Webb. She also points out that a vegetarian diet can be quite beneficial for managing blood pressure. Dr. Garcia-Webb adds that exercise “is very important for weight maintenance, and it also helps our blood vessels stay healthy.”

For those looking to ease back into physical activity, Lee MacDonald, MD, a cardiologist with AdventHealth in Littleton, CO, recommends walking. “I usually advise my patients to walk for 30 minutes five days per week. This can be broken into two 15-minute walks each day.” He also supports incorporating weight or resistance training, noting that doing so two to three times per week “has been demonstrated to improve cardiovascular health and particularly blood pressure.”

Dr. Garcia-Webb further notes that while lifestyle changes are essential, FDA-approved weight loss medications often lead to more significant weight loss than lifestyle changes alone. Additionally, bariatric surgery tends to result in the most substantial weight reductions, achieving the greatest blood pressure reductions.

What to consider about weight loss and blood pressure

While some weight loss medications are effective, they may have unintended effects on blood pressure. Stimulants such as phentermine and bupropion, found in the weight loss medication Contrave, may not be suitable for patients with uncontrolled blood pressure. “Anyone on these medications should make sure they are getting their blood pressure assessed regularly to ensure it stays at a healthy level,” she emphasizes.

She also advises caution regarding diets that are heavy in meats and fats. Although such diets might boost satiety and prompt short-term weight loss, the high levels of salt and saturated fats they often contain can lead to long-term problems, including elevated cholesterol and blood pressure.

About the experts Meghan Garcia-Webb, MD is triple-board-certified in internal medicine, lifestyle medicine, and obesity medicine. She produces a weekly YouTube series, “Weight Medicine with Dr. Meghan,” and her private practice combines concierge weight medicine with life coaching to create effective, sustainable results. She is also an internal medicine doctor at an academic medical center in Boston, MA. Lee MacDonald, MD is a board-certified cardiologist with AdventHealth Littleton, CO. He has over 28 years of experience in the medical field.

For daily wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• 22 Foods That Can Help Lower Blood Pressure
• 31 Things You Should Do Right Now to Avoid High Blood Pressure
• 7 Things Doctors May Not Tell You About Healthy Blood Pressure
• 7 Drinks That Lower High Blood Pressure

There’s a lot of discussion about what to eat and what to avoid while on weight loss medications like Wegovy and Mounjaro—but what many of us also want to know is: When should I be eating while on these drugs?

You may have come across recent studies, like one from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, that have explored the impact of meal timing, comparing early meal schedules (first meal at 9 a.m. and last at 5 p.m.) to late meal schedules (first meal at noon and last at 8:30 p.m.). The findings showed that eating later in the day could significantly increase hunger, lower levels of leptin (an appetite-suppressing hormone) and affect how the body stores and burns fat throughout the day. Although it was a small study and further research is needed, it highlights the potential importance of timing in eating. It’s also important to note that the participants in this study were not using weight loss medications.

Meghan Garcia-Webb, MD, who is triple-board-certified in internal medicine, lifestyle medicine and obesity medicine, shares her insights on meal timing: “We don’t have enough evidence to make any firm conclusions about direct effects of meal timing on medication efficacy, but there is a small but growing body of research to suggest circadian rhythm impacts weight.” So, for those looking to optimize their dietary habits, finishing meals by early evening might sync better with the body’s natural rhythms, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of their weight loss regimen.

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Ahead, we explore whether there is an ideal eating schedule for those on weight loss medications, which foods are best to eat or avoid, and how meal timing might influence overall weight loss success.

When is the best time to eat while on weight loss medication?

Determining the optimal time to eat while on weight loss medication hinges on establishing a routine that aligns with your personal preferences. “The ideal [eating] schedule is something that works for you as an individual,” notes Dr. Garcia-Webb. While there is a wealth of advice about what to do and what not to do, individual preferences often don’t receive enough consideration: How do you want to eat? She views this as an excellent opportunity to discover what truly works for you, enabling you to develop a plan that is both purposeful and maintainable.

“In my experience, and the literature agrees, the most effective dietary programs are those that patients can stick to,” she elaborates. For those seeking structure, she suggests having a well-planned breakfast, lunch and dinner, with the option of a mid-afternoon snack if needed, but recommends against snacking throughout the day. “I don’t recommend intermittent fasting unless someone finds it easy and sustainable.”

What about eating close to bedtime?

The timing and type of your meals matter, especially when it comes to eating later in the day. “Your body naturally has a lot of other tasks to perform while you are asleep, and when you eat too close to bedtime, you are also giving it another big job in digesting the meal,” she explains. If you’re someone who eats your main meals earlier and pays attention to your body’s cues, then your evening meal naturally becomes smaller if you’ve had a hearty intake earlier—this approach is a straightforward way to manage your food intake throughout the day.

Can meal timing minimize medication side effects?

Starting a new weight loss medication can be a bit of a balancing act. Some find that eating smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day works better than sticking to the traditional breakfast, lunch and dinner schedule. “We don’t know if it will make your Wegovy work better, but it might make it easier to prevent side effects, and then you’ll be more likely to stick with the medication,” Dr. Garcia-Webb points out.

As you progress in your weight loss journey, it’s also important to remember that your eating habits will likely evolve. For example, in the beginning, you might notice a significant reduction in appetite, leading you to rely more on protein shakes for nutritional needs. By the 30th week, however, your appetite may have normalized, making it easier to return to three balanced meals daily.

“Above all else, meals should be intentional,” she emphasizes. Allocate at least 20-30 minutes to sit down for each meal. It’s not necessary to be eating constantly during this time, but rather enjoy your food at a relaxed pace. Additionally, eliminating distractions such as TV or your phone can enhance your dining experience. Adopting these mindful eating practices helps prevent hurrying through meals and reduces the risk of mindless overeating, which can cause nausea, vomiting, and stomach discomfort.

One final piece of advice…

“As you are losing weight, it is important to preserve lean muscle, and eating protein and lifting weights are two excellent ways to help your body stay strong,” shares Dr. Garcia Webb. She recommends leaning towards plant-based proteins, such as tofu, quinoa and edamame, whenever possible. Plus, incorporating a wide variety of fruits and vegetables is key. Aiming for five servings a day is a great target.

About the experts Meghan Garcia-Webb, MD is triple-board-certified in internal medicine, lifestyle medicine and obesity medicine. She produces a weekly YouTube series, “Weight Medicine with Dr. Meghan,” and her private practice combines concierge weight medicine with life coaching to create effective, sustainable results. She is also an internal medicine doctor at an academic medical center in Boston, MA.

For more wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• “Here’s What Happened When I Stopped Taking Ozempic”: One Patient’s Story Navigating a New Normal
• ‘Counterfeit’ Ozempic Is Under Investigation As at Least 3 Users Are Hospitalized
• I’m a Doctor: Here’s Why I’ve Prescribed Ozempic to the ‘Healthy Overweight’
• Insurance Will Now Cover Popular Weight Loss Drugs for Some Patients

Marijuana, derived from the Cannabis sativa plant, contains several psychoactive compounds, the most prominent being tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). THC interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which helps regulate various physiological processes, including fertility and reproduction. This system’s receptors are found throughout the reproductive organs of both men and women, impacting everything from sperm production in the testes to ovulation in the ovaries and even playing a role in the uterus, where it may influence implantation and the early stages of pregnancy.

You probably already know that marijuana usage is on the rise, and age plays a significant role in this trend. According to Gallup data, roughly a quarter of young adults aged 18 to 34 report smoking marijuana (26%), while the figure dips to 18% among those aged 35 to 54 and drops further to 11% among those 55 and older. Given THC’s interaction with the reproductive system, these statistics lead to a pressing question: How does smoking weed affect fertility?

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Ahead, what the latest scientific research and expert opinions reveal about the impact of marijuana on male and female fertility and whether you should consider quitting if you’re planning to conceive.

How smoking weed impacts male fertility

Neel Parekh, MD, a board-certified urologist and male infertility and men’s health specialist in the Department of Urology at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, shares that there’s credible scientific evidence linking marijuana use to changes in sperm health. “Research has indicated that smoking marijuana can affect various aspects of male reproductive health, including sperm count, motility and morphology.” He continues, “It is also associated with alterations in hormone levels, including lower levels of testosterone, which is crucial for maintaining healthy sperm production.”

A 2021 study conducted by Marah Hehemann, MD and Omer Raheem, MD, both board-certified urologists specializing in men’s sexual health and male infertility research, examined the sperm health of 409 patients. They found that both current and past marijuana users exhibited significantly worse sperm morphology and volume compared to those who had never used it.

Additional research points to another concern: Marijuana might increase DNA fragmentation in sperm. This can compromise the genetic integrity of the sperm and potentially lead to fertility challenges. “While there is evidence of these effects, the clinical significance can vary among patients, and more research is needed to understand the long-term effects of marijuana,” says Dr. Parekh.

How smoking weed impacts female fertility

For women, the relationship between marijuana use and fertility is equally complex. Reproductive health experts Jamie Lo, MD, Carol Hanna, PhD, and Jason Hedges, MD, PhD, in an article published in Contemporary OB/GYN Journal, share how THC exposure can disrupt reproductive hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. These disruptions can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and even stop ovulation altogether.

They point out that the evidence varies, though. Some studies see minimal effects, while others link regular marijuana use (more than three times in three months) to longer menstrual cycles and increased chances of not ovulating. One particular study involving 201 women revealed that those who used marijuana saw their ovulation delayed by 1.7 to 3.5 days compared to non-users. Notably, 43% of the cycles where ovulation did not occur were among marijuana users, who only represented 15% of the study group.

Marijuana use also seems to impact fertility treatments as well. Women who smoked weed within a year before undergoing procedures like IVF had poorer outcomes, retrieving 25% fewer oocytes and experiencing a 28% lower fertilization rate.

Pregnancy and beyond

The implications of marijuana use extend into pregnancy, as THC crosses the placenta and can affect fetal development. “There is stronger evidence linking maternal marijuana use to lower birth weight, preterm birth and developmental problems such as impaired cognitive function and behavioral issues,” explains Dr. Parekh.

Given the uncertainties and potential risks, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) advises against the use of marijuana for those who are pregnant, planning a pregnancy or breastfeeding. The possible effects on a child’s early development and future health remain a significant concern and an active area of study.

The bottom line

For couples trying to conceive, the safest approach is to abstain from marijuana use due to its potential negative effects on fertility and pregnancy outcomes. If you find quitting challenging, don’t hesitate to seek support from your healthcare provider. They can offer the necessary resources and guidance to help you. Additionally, if you have any concerns about your fertility, your healthcare provider is the best resource to turn to for advice and assistance.

About the expert Neel Parekh, MD, is a board-certified urologist and male infertility and men’s health specialist in the Department of Urology at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. He has presented at both regional and national conferences, and has authored numerous book chapters and articles in peer-reviewed journals.

For wellness updates delivered daily, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• Does Smoking Weed Cause Lung Cancer? A Lung Cancer Doctor Shares ‘the Short Answer’
• New Research: Drinking Alcohol Has This “Profound” Effect on Fertility, Scientists Find
• 15 Everyday Things That May Be Harming Your Fertility
• New Data: Here’s How Many Sexual Partners Most Americans Have Had

Around the world, 43 countries are eligible to export meat, poultry or egg products to the US according to the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS)—meaning that breakfast scramble or the steak dinner you last ate may have come from somewhere that surprises you, like Spain or New Zealand.

To have clearance to export meat or poultry products to the US, the FSIS reports that “the country’s central competent authority certifies as meeting the requirements of the inspection system that that the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) … determined equivalent to the United States inspection system.”

But not every country meets that standard. In fact, the FSIS has published an announcement dated July 10, 2024 to report that while conducting routine surveillance activities at a retailer, FSIS found products imported from the Philippines—one location that doesn’t have clearances to export into the US. The products were “shipped to restaurants and retail locations in Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, South Carolina and Virginia,” the FSIS reports.

The FSIS says the USDA “cannot confirm whether the products were properly heated to control pathogens of concern to domestic livestock and poultry.”

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According to a press release from FSIS, the illegally imported products are being recalled. Though the quantity or amount of each seems unclear, the FSIS says they include:

• 150-gram can of “Argentina BRAND CORNED BEEF”
• 175-gram can of “Argentina BRAND CORNED BEEF”
• 260-gram can of “Argentina BRAND CORNED BEEF”
• 150-gram can of “PUREFOODS CORNED BEEF”
• 210-gram can of “PUREFOODS CORNED BEEF”
• 150-gram can of “CHUNKEE CORNED BEEF”
• 190-gram can of “CHUNKEE CORNED BEEF”
• 7.43-oz. jar of “Lady’s Choice Chicken Spread”

Images of recalled product labels are available here.

According to the press release, the FSIS worries that the products could be in unsuspecting consumers’ and restaurants’ pantries and on the shelves of unknowing retailers. Though no illnesses have been reported in connection with this recall as of press time, the FSIS is urging retailers and restaurants with the products in stock not to serve them and for consumers not to eat them. The agency recommends that the products be double-bagged and discarded to reduce the possibility of animals getting to them.

FSIS is still investigating how these products entered the country.

If you have questions about this recall, FSIS says to contact John Ducar, Owner of Redsealuxury, LLC, at 646-669-4020 or [email protected].

• What Is a Recall, and Why Do They Happen? An Expert Explains
• Nearly 14,000 Containers of Ice Cream Recalled in 8 States
• More Than 2,000 Pounds of Chicken Recalled Nationwide
• Popular Coffee Manufacturer Recalls 288 Products Sold Nationwide Due to “Deadly Toxin”

About 1.2 million people in the US currently have HIV, which stands for human immunodeficiency virus and is the precursor to developing AIDS. Many of us might remember HIV and AIDS as illnesses that decades ago caused more questions than answers.

Thanks to cultural awareness and rigorous research that have brought science and medicine a long way, today there are patients who are able to manage these conditions in part with the antiretroviral treatments that are available now. “The newest drugs have far fewer side effects than the older medications and are very effective at reducing the virus to undetectable levels, and undetectable equals untransmittable,” says Jon McGarry, MD. Dr. McGarry is a medical doctor specializing in the treatment of HIV/AIDS and the chief medical officer at MISTR, a telehealth company that provides pre-exposure prophylaxis (or PrEP), a medication that’s taken to prevent getting HIV. (Note: PrEP is 99% effective at preventing the transmission of HIV when taken properly; however it does not treat HIV infections.)

Possible HIV symptoms

A downside to all this progress is that of the million-plus people in America with HIV, it’s estimated that 13% aren’t aware that they have it. “HIV can present as a sore throat or flu-like illness, but many people have no symptoms at all and are unaware they are infected,” Dr. McGarry says, adding that the infection can lay dormant for years before symptoms present. During that time, the virus can be spread to other people. “Some people don’t know they have HIV until the more advanced stages when they get unusual infections, rashes, or other illnesses that they seek medical care for,” he says.

Because individuals can go so long without symptoms, there are cases when it’s routine lab work ordered by their doctor or health clinic that finally reveals the presence of infection. “That is why it’s important for people at risk, or who engage in high-risk activities like unprotected sex with multiple partners or IV drug use, to get routinely screened for HIV and other STDs,” Dr. McGarry says.

Generously sharing his powerful story is Ted A., a retired priest who contracted AIDS from a single sexual encounter. Ahead, Ted shares his story about living through the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, contracting the disease himself, getting diagnosed and how it affects his life today.

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By Ted A. as told to Charlotte Hilton Andersen

Dressed in a Hazmat suit, I peered down at the young man. Pale and barely conscious, he was dying, and I was there as his priest—but due to the thickness of the gloves I had on, I couldn’t even hold his hand. It was the early 1990s, in the height of the AIDS crisis. My protective equipment had been a recommendation from his healthcare team. Through the glove, I touched his arm, wanting him to know that he wouldn’t die alone.

This young man passed the following day. I was heartbroken to be one of just three people in attendance at his funeral, along with the church organist and funeral director. As a closeted gay man, I felt deep personal pain, too.

Coming out in my fifties

For decades I worked as a clergyman, hiding my sexuality until I retired early in 2009. I was 51 years old, coming out as gay. I finally began to live the part of my life I’d suppressed for so long. It felt great, and I found happiness I’d never had before.

But entering the dating scene in the digital age, in middle age, and after decades of serving as a priest—it was tough. So after a couple years, when a man approached me about “playing” together, I decided, Hey, maybe it’s time to live a little and take a risk. We had sex—just a one-time hook-up—and then he left. I never saw him again, and I wouldn’t think about him again until one fateful day a few years later.

Too exhausted to walk

It was 2015. I was 57 years old, and I had been seeing a doctor regularly for my severe back pain—but suddenly, I began to lose weight. It was unexpected as I wasn’t trying to diet, and within a month, I was down 32 pounds. I was worried, but my doctor congratulated me and told me to keep up whatever I was doing because it was good for my heart. “You look great!” he said.

I may have looked slimmer, but I certainly didn’t feel great. I continued to lose weight and developed a strange pimply rash on my behind. But the worst part was the weakness and undeniable exhaustion. At first, I just had trouble getting out of bed. Then, I had trouble walking. Then, two months after my doctor had told me I was doing great, I was so exhausted I felt like I might die. I laid on the floor and called 911.

At the hospital, they ran lots of tests, but I would find out later that none of them were HIV tests. I ended up going to multiple physicians, including a cancer doctor, but no one could figure out what was wrong with me. As my primary doctor would later put it, “You just didn’t look gay enough, Ted!”

This is one reason it’s so important that we don’t stereotype people or medical conditions. I guess what he meant is that I’m older, clean-cut, I dress conservatively and don’t display particular mannerisms. No one thought to run an HIV test because I didn’t fit the mold of what they thought a gay man looked like. That could have ended my life.

After weeks of agony, I was finally sent to the renowned medical school at Rutgers University. I was so exhausted I couldn’t drive myself there and had to pay a neighbor to take me. Thankfully, the answer came fast.

Living my nightmare

The next day, my primary care doctor called me and said, matter-of-factly, “Ted, you’ve got AIDS.” It wasn’t HIV, he said, adding that my lab work showed “really” concerning results.

All this was on the phone, while I was alone. I had AIDS.

The doctor continued: My tests showed a viral load of over 400,000 copies per milliliter (copies/mL). Anything over 100,000 copies/mL is considered to be AIDS. I had a CD4 (a test that measures immunity blood cell values). Anything below 200 cells per microliter indicates AIDS. Mine came in at 69.

I was stunned and began weeping. All I could think about was that young man I’d laid to rest and the dozens of other AIDS patients I’d cared for. My whole world collapsed, and there wasn’t a soul I could call except my estranged sister, who happens to be a doctor but sadly can’t bring herself to say the word “gay” out loud.

“I’m going to die,” I whispered to myself, over and over.

“No you’re not,” said the internal medicine doctor I was referred to a week after receiving the news—a week that had been filled with terror, ill-advised Google searches, and terse conversations with my sister. “Ted,” the doctor said, “we’ve got dozens of medications for HIV. Take one pill every day, and you’re going to live a regular life span.”

Really?

“Honestly,” he said, adding that he was more concerned about the possibility of me dying of a heart attack, given my blood pressure. “You should really get that in check,” he advised, which made me feel better. I wanted to remind him that anyone’s blood pressure would be high after getting my diagnosis. He set me up with a treatment plan, which was reassuring.

My HIV treatment

I was started immediately on Atripla, a drug used to inhibit HIV. It would cost about $3,000 per month, but I was fortunate that my health insurance covered most of it. The goal of treatment would be to lower my viral load to an “undetectable level” (40 to 75 copies/mL) and raise my CD4. Within six weeks on the medication, my levels were undetectable—and, as the medical community says, undetectable equals untransmittable.

It seemed miraculous. I went from being convinced my life was ending to feeling like my old self again.

I stayed on the Atripla for three years until I tripped and fell in my yard, shattering my shoulder and wrist. It turns out that Atripla has a side effect of causing bone loss. My doctors switched me to Bitkarvy, a different HIV medication that doesn’t have that side effect, along with Boniva to help rebuild my bone density.

What living with HIV is like for me

From the outside, living with HIV seems to be no big deal. I get checkups every six months, and as long as I take my pill every day, then all is fine.

Still, HIV has completely changed the way I live, mostly because I’m too afraid to tell anyone I have it. There is still a huge stigma about HIV and AIDS—even within the gay community of people my age.

So, you can manage HIV very effectively these days, but it doesn’t come without downsides. The drugs have side effects. Friends and family treat you differently. When people go to hug me, I freeze up. Would they still want to hug me if they knew? Logically I know that I can’t give them HIV through a hug, but when people aren’t familiar with the realities of the illness, it’s natural for them to feel uncertain. You always have to be thinking about it and planning ahead.

A friend recently invited me on a month-long international trip, and my first thought wasn’t about how fun it would be—but instead how I was going to get my medication, transport it through customs, and hide it from him even though we’d be sharing a room for an entire month.

It also affects a patient’s medical care because treating HIV has to come before treating other conditions. Not taking the medication can cause the condition to go from chronic and manageable to fatal.

Even so, I embrace the chance to live an active life and am thankful for the medications we have today. My story might serve as a reminder of how important it is that we foster a society without shame, while also encouraging safe sex. After years of hiding who I really was, all I wanted was to experience life fully. I learned how one moment can have permanent effects.

For more wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• Magic Johnson Exclusive: ‘I Needed to Become the Face’ of HIV
• 13 Surprising Things Most People Don’t Know About HIV and AIDS
• 14 Facts About STDs That Could Save Your Life
• 10 Questions Every Gay or Bisexual Man Should Ask Their Doctor

About the expert Jon McGarry, MD, is an emergency physician and an HIV/AIDS specialist. He is the Medical Director and Chief Medical Officer at MISTR, a telehealth company that provides pre-exposure prophylaxis (or PrEP), a medicine taken to prevent getting HIV.

According to the World Health Organization, 55 million people around the world have dementia, the symptoms of which can range from issues with memory and language to big changes in mood.

While research has shown that activities like brain games or other memory exercises can help you protect your mind from dementia, many other seemingly unrelated factors also play into your long-term cognition. For example, a June 2024 review published in Maturitas, an international journal publishing research on midlife health, highlighted two particular health metrics that appear to play roles in long-term cognitive (brain) wellness.

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This comprehensive review by Leon Flicker, MB, BS, NSW, PhD, a professor of geriatric medicine at the University of Western Australia and executive director of the Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing [sic], was partly based on a May 2023 lecture from the 14th European Congress on Menopause and Andropause. Dr. Flicker evaluated various strategies for preventing cognitive decline to identify which lifestyle changes could make a difference in long-term brain health.

Dr. Flicker found “high-level” evidence that managing blood pressure and engaging in regular physical activity can have protective effects on memory. One trial he evaluated showed that managing hypertension can “significantly” reduce the risk of mild cognitive impairment, while numerous studies he examined affirm the cognitive benefits of regular exercise—particularly resistance training.

Though Dr. Flicker notes that the research varies, other factors he studied can also affect brain health. According to the review, completing higher levels of education and having a more active social life are both associated with lower dementia risk, emphasizing the importance of lifelong learning and maintaining strong relationships. Avoiding head injuries and quitting smoking are also crucial for brain health, though direct evidence linking them to dementia prevention is limited.

While Dr. Flicker says further research may be needed, these findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach to maintaining cognitive function through healthy lifestyle choices. That morning crossword and cutting back on binge-watching sessions can be good for your brain, as is a general commitment to your health to protect your memory for years to come.

• 14 Everyday Habits Can Seriously Increase Your Dementia Risk
• 28 Amazing Facts About Your Brain That Will Blow Your Mind
• This Is the Difference Between Dementia and Alzheimer’s
• 23 Brain-Boosting Foods That May Keep You Sharp

Ice cream is an iconic summer treat for a reason—and whether your go-to is soft-serve or hand-dipped, the last thing you expect is an unfamiliar, even inedible bite. However, this week the US Food & Drug Administration shared that a few fans of cookie dough flavor may have been in danger of experiencing a mouthfeel they weren’t quite expecting from one widely distributing ice cream brand.

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In a report this week, the FDA reveals that parent company Casper’s Ice Cream, based in Utah, has recalled 13,764 1.75-quart tubs of its Red Button Vintage Creamery brand Cookie Dough Ice Cream. The reason for the recall: “Foreign object, rubber, found in two tubs.”

It’s reported that the recall is “complete,” which likely means all retailers who sold it have been notified and perhaps some contacted customers if they could trace the purchase. However, consumers should also be advised that the recalled ice cream was reportedly distributed in Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming. Recalled containers may be found by checking the label for the lot number, 092-24-568, and the UPC code, 0 77865 01008 6.

The severity of this recall has not yet been determined by the FDA. The source of the rubber is not confirmed, but it’s possible a piece of manufacturing equipment broke off inside the batch.

If you purchased the recalled ice cream, you should throw it away or return it to its place of purchase for a full refund. If you have additional questions, Red Button Vintage Creamery can be contacted on their website here.

In addition to the products under the Red Button Vintage brand, Casper’s proprietary brand is said to be known for their “fat boy” ice cream sandwiches.

• What Is a Recall, and Why Do They Happen? An Expert Explains
• 13 Popular Ice Cream Brands Recall Products Nationwide Due to Potential Contamination
• I Ate Ice Cream Every Day for a Week—Here’s What Happened

It’s the season for family meal gatherings and lean, high-protein meals—but if you shop in the freezer section or at international grocers, a manufacturer is recalling two ready-to-eat chicken products because of potential Listeria monocytogenes contamination.

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According to a press release from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), importer Al-Safa US LLC is recalling “approximately 2,010 pounds” of two products:

• 12.1 oz. cardboard box package containing “Al Safa Halal Charcoal Grilled Chicken Seekh Kebab Grilled, Minced, Chicken Patty Kebab” with a best-by date of Nov. 30, 2025 and “0605404” on a sticker on the outside of the package.
• 14.11 oz. cardboard box package containing “Al Safa Halal Fully Cooked Chicken Chapli Kebab Seasoned Chicken Patty” with a best-by date of Nov. 30, 2025 and “0605416” printed on a sticker on the outside of the package.

FSIS observed the potential presence of Listeria during routine product testing. The products were manufactured in Canada on June 5 and distributed to retail locations across the US on June 13 and June 21. You can also identify the products by the number “866” inside the Canadian mark of inspection. Images of the recalled products’ labels can be seen here.

FSIS urges customers with these products in their freezers to throw them away or return them to the place of purchase for a refund. You can also contact Al-Safa US LLC by calling 800-268-8174.

This has been categorized as a Class I Recall, which, according to the FDA, means this is “a situation in which there is a reasonable probability that the use of, or exposure to, a violative product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.”

What Each FDA Recall Classification Means
Class I Recall	“A situation in which there is a reasonable probability that the use of, or exposure to, a violative product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death.”
Class II Recall	“A situation in which use of, or exposure to, a violative product may cause temporary or medically reversible adverse health consequences or where the probability of serious adverse health consequences is remote.”
Class III Recall	“A situation in which use of, or exposure to, a violative product is not likely to cause adverse health consequences.”

According to the Cleveland Clinic, eating food contaminated with Listeria can cause fever, chills, headache, nausea, diarrhea, convulsions and more. It can also be life-threatening for people who are 65 years or older, people who are pregnant or people with compromised immune systems. If you recently ate something contaminated with Listeria and are experiencing potential symptoms, be sure to talk to your doctor immediately.

• What Is a Recall, and Why Do They Happen? An Expert Explains
• 4,620 Pounds of Egg Recalled After Distribution To at Least 9 States
• Recall of 7 Major Shampoo Brands in 43 States Warns of Toxin Risk
• 13 Popular Ice Cream Brands Recall Products Nationwide Due to Potential Contamination

As the summer heat ramps up, so does the importance of keeping up with our skincare—from regular sunscreen application to keeping skin clean from bacteria that cause sweaty odor and blemishes.

Sweating is an essential bodily function that becomes more prevalent during these months. “Sweat is induced by eccrine and apocrine glands and controlled by the sympathetic nervous system (our fight or flight response) to help regulate body temperature,” explains Lisa Pfingstler, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at DuBois Dermatology and Cosmetics. However, this uptick in sweat production can lead to some undesirable skin issues. With the mercury rising, you might find yourself facing the challenge of “sweat pimples.” Contrary to what their name might suggest, these aren’t typical acne.

Ahead, Dr. Pfingstler explains how to handle these pesky skin flare-ups, why they occur, and ways to prevent them.

What are sweat pimples?

Sweat pimples, or breakouts that occur after excess sweating, can arise from various sources. While you might immediately think of a strenuous workout or the friction from clothing rubbing against heated skin—known as acne mechanica—other factors contribute to these irritating skin issues.

Why do sweat pimples form?

One common trigger of sweat-induced skin issues is miliaria, often called “prickly heat” (and not to be confused with the insect-borne illness, malaria). Dr. Pfingstler shares that miliaria occurs when excessive heat leads to the blockage of eccrine sweat ducts by the outermost layer of skin, the stratum corneum. This blockage prevents sweat from being expelled, resulting in small bumps known as papules or blister-like vesicles on the skin.

Another related condition is pityrosporum folliculitis, a yeast infection that causes pimple-like reactions and itchy papules on the chest and back, often exacerbated by occlusion, warm weather and excessive sweating.

For those traveling to or living in very hot climates, Dr. Pfingstler highlights another concern: Tropical acne. This condition emerges in extremely hot environments and is characterized by a severe breakout that typically affects individuals not accustomed to such high temperatures.

What do sweat pimples look like?

Sweat pimples appear as small, raised red bumps on the skin that can sometimes cluster together to form larger patches. They often occur in areas where sweat accumulates, such as the back, chest, underarms, and groin. These bumps may feel itchy or prickly and can become more irritated if left sweaty or unclean.

How long do sweat pimples last?

The duration of sweat pimples can vary depending on several factors, including the environment, personal hygiene, and how quickly the affected area is cooled and dried. Typically, they resolve independently within a few days if the skin is kept cool and dry. However, the condition can persist longer if the skin remains moist and warm. Proper skincare and avoiding conditions exacerbating sweating can help speed up recovery and prevent future occurrences.

How to treat sweat pimples

Managing sweat pimples often involves cooling the skin down and returning it to a normal temperature, explains Dr. Pfingstler. Applying ice or soothing lotion can provide immediate relief, and wearing loose, breathable clothing also helps manage symptoms. For conditions such as pityrosporum folliculitis, Dr. Pfingstler recommends topical antifungals, like selenium sulfide shampoo. In cases where topical treatments are ineffective, an oral antifungal may be necessary.

To prevent sweat pimples from worsening, it’s important to take a cool shower immediately after engaging in activities that cause heavy sweating. Additionally, avoid applying heavy creams or lotions to areas prone to these breakouts. Opt for skincare products labeled “non-comedogenic,” which are specifically formulated not to clog pores.

How to prevent sweat pimples

Here are some preventive tips to keep in mind to reduce the likelihood of developing sweat pimples from Dr. Pfingstler:

• Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water helps regulate body temperature and reduce excessive sweating.

• Stay cool: Keep your body temperature down during hot weather or while exercising by using fans, air conditioning or taking breaks in a cool environment.

• Wear appropriate clothing: Opt for loose, lightweight and breathable fabrics that allow sweat to evaporate rather than get trapped against your skin.

• Maintain good hygiene: Shower promptly after exercising or sweating heavily. Use a gentle, non-comedogenic cleanser that won’t clog pores.

• Change wet clothes quickly: Damp clothing can trap sweat against your skin and exacerbate skin issues, so it’s important to change out of sweaty clothes and undergarments as soon as possible after a workout or exposure to heat.

When to see a dermatologist about sweat pimples

If you’ve tried these prevention and treatment strategies but your symptoms still persist, it’s time to consult a dermatologist. Persistent skin issues could signal an underlying condition that requires professional diagnosis and treatment. Seeking expert advice ensures you get the right care to keep your skin healthy and clear.

For wellness updates delivered daily, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• Does Sweating Burn Calories? Here’s What Exercise Physiology Experts Say
• The Acne Treatments Dermatologists Use on Themselves
• 12 Surprising Home Remedies for Acne
• How Bad Is It to Re-Wear Sweaty Workout Clothes?

According to data via the Cleveland Clinic, infertility impacts 186 million people worldwide, with the male partner contributing to half of these cases. Research indicates that 10% to 15% of American men trying to conceive experience issues related to male infertility.

Additionally, a 2023 Gallup survey reveals that 19% of American men reported smoking marijuana. The potential effects of marijuana on male fertility are becoming a focal point: Is there a connection between the two, and how well do we understand its impact on our most hopeful life plans—like starting a family?

“Research has shown that smoking marijuana can impact several aspects of male reproductive health, such as sperm count, motility, and morphology,” says Neel Parekh, MD, a board-certified urologist and male infertility and men’s health specialist in the Department of Urology at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation. Dr. Parekh adds that marijuana use is also linked to hormonal changes, including decreased testosterone levels, which are essential for healthy sperm production. Although evidence of these effects exists, their clinical significance may differ among individuals, and further research is necessary to understand the long-term effects of marijuana use fully.

Ahead, we share expert insights and what current research says on the relationship between smoking marijuana and fertility issues.

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Does smoking weed affect sperm quantity?

A key fertility metric is sperm count, which, according to the Mayo Clinic, should be at least 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen for a good chance at conception. Counts below 15 million per milliliter or less than 39 million sperm total per ejaculate are considered low and can hinder conception.

Research suggests a troubling link between cannabis use and decreased sperm count. The extent of this impact seems closely tied to the frequency and duration of marijuana use. Dr. Parekh notes, “Heavier and more frequent use tends to be associated with greater reductions in sperm concentration.”

This observation is supported by a 2015 study conducted in Denmark, which included 1,215 men and found that regular marijuana users (those who smoked more than once a week) had sperm counts that were 29% lower than men who had never used marijuana.

Does smoking weed affect sperm quality?

It’s important to know that sperm quality isn’t just about the numbers; it also encompasses motility, morphology, and viability—the movement and shape of sperm and how long sperm actually live—which are all essential to fertility.

A 2021 study conducted by Marah Hehemann, MD and Omer Raheem, MD, both board-certified urologists specializing in men’s sexual health and male infertility research, brought to light how marijuana affects these vital aspects of sperm health. Their research involved 409 young men undergoing infertility evaluations and showed that both current and former marijuana users exhibited significantly poorer sperm shape and volume compared to non-users.

One of the key findings was the role of CBD (cannabidiol), a component of marijuana, which binds to receptors on sperm cells, altering their structure and how they function. This interaction can hinder the sperm’s ability to fertilize an egg, potentially decreasing fertility rates among marijuana users. What’s particularly concerning is that the negative impacts on sperm function were observed in both current and past users, indicating that the effects of marijuana on male fertility might be long-lasting.

Furthermore, a 2019 systematic review published in the Journal of Urology—the official journal of the American Urological Association—echoes these concerns. The review details how, beyond affecting sperm count and shape, marijuana use is also associated with decreased sperm motility and viability.

Can smoking weed cause birth defects?

The potential impact of paternal marijuana use on birth defects remains a subject of ongoing research and debate. Dr. Parekh explains that although some research suggests marijuana might increase DNA fragmentation in sperm—potentially compromising the genetic integrity and leading to fertility problems—there is no direct evidence linking it to birth defects. “There is limited direct evidence linking paternal marijuana use to birth defects, but the potential for genetic and epigenetic changes in sperm suggests a possible risk,” says Dr. Parekh. He stresses the importance of further research to determine a clear causal link.

The effects of maternal marijuana use during pregnancy are better understood and show more direct consequences. THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the psychoactive component of marijuana, crosses the placenta and can influence fetal development. There is substantial evidence that maternal marijuana use is associated with several adverse outcomes, including lower birth weight, preterm birth, and long-term developmental challenges such as impaired cognitive function and behavioral issues in children.

How long after quitting weed does male fertility improve?

“Spermatogenesis, or the process of making new sperm, takes about three months,” Dr. Parekh says. “So any changes [patients] make, such as ceasing marijuana use, will take at least three months before some improvement in sperm quality could occur.” He adds that the timeline for recovery in male fertility after quitting marijuana varies from person to person.

For those who have been long-term or heavy users, the recovery period may extend further, sometimes up to a year, to observe significant improvements in sperm quality.

How to improve sperm health

While there are mixed messages about the effects of smoking marijuana, it’s important to be aware of the potential risks, adopt healthier habits, and lean on support when needed.

Dr. Parekh offers guidance for those finding it tough to quit: “For individuals hesitant to quit marijuana, I recommend support groups, discussing with your partner, or counseling. Also, meeting with a male fertility specialist can help educate patients on the potential risks and provide personalized advice.” He also emphasizes the importance of supporting overall health with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and effective stress management to improve fertility.

For wellness updates delivered daily, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• Does Smoking Weed Cause Acne? A Doctor Explains
• Does Smoking Weed Cause Lung Cancer? A Lung Cancer Doctor Shares ‘the Short Answer’
• Marijuana May Increase Heart Attack and Stroke Risk, Heart Experts Warn
• Here’s How Long You Stay Impaired After Taking an Edible, New Research Suggests

Shawn Johnson East is beloved as one of the USA gymnastics GOATs of our era. Johnson retired from competitive gymnastics with a knee injury in 2012 after winning four Olympic medals, including gold on the balance beam, in 2008. Now, three weeks before the 2024 Paris Olympics opening ceremony and in a time when the conversation around mental health in sports is gaining ground, Johnson sheds light on what’s going on in the minds and bodies of the athletes who are still competing in Olympic trials, as well as those who have made the team and are officially headed for the games.

The 32-year-old wife, mom of three, podcast host and personal trainer has partnered with Barilla Protein+ and in June she sat down with The Healthy by Reader’s Digest to reflect on the glories and pressures of athletic life: “They’ve been working years and years for this one moment,” she said. “They get one shot.”

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The Healthy by Reader’s Digest: Shawn, in the past few years there’s been a growing awareness of the mental health aspect of elite athleticism. Speaking from your wealth of experience—what are these athletes feeling right now?

Shawn Johnson: I would say for me personally, the Olympic trials was probably the most nerve-wracking competition of my life, more so than the Olympics. That very last thing, standing in the way of you becoming an Olympian—you can literally bomb the Olympics after you are named to the team and still call yourself an Olympian. But if you don’t make it through Olympic trials, you don’t even get to go and see your dream come true. Going into Olympics, all these athletes … they’ve been working years and years and years and years for this one moment, and it’s a lot of pressure on themselves and from the world. And they get one shot.

The Healthy: Is there any part of you that misses it? Or you’re thrilled for them, and glad to be where you are right now?

Shawn Johnson: It’s that. I am so thrilled for them. I’m so excited for them. I’m so proud of them. I think now being a mom and being married and being so far removed from it, I almost feel maternal over them more than I do competitive of any nature. I’m like, Are you okay? Do you need me to bring you a dessert? Need a hug? Do I need to set you up with a psychologist? What’s happening?

So I don’t really feel any pull towards the competition side anymore. It’s truly just in awe and in amazement—and now going [to the Paris games] with my family, it’s just really special. I remember competing at the Olympics, thinking, This is the greatest moment of my entire life, and there’s something really powerful to me about going back to the Olympics with my husband and my kids. It’s so much better than that moment, than winning the gold. Having them now is the best.

The Healthy: You get to just enjoy it. Even just the nutritional discipline, some of us remember the interview you did with Ellen in 2007 where you talked about the guilty pleasure of eating a donut during training—

Shawn Johnson: You know what’s really funny? [Holds a box of donuts up to the camera.]

The Healthy: That’s amazing!

Shawn Johnson: It’s really hard. I feel like every athlete’s going to go through different things, so I don’t want to generalize and say we all go through [the same experiences]. But I will say for me, going from Olympic athlete to normal everyday person, was a massive life transition. And I didn’t really know how to do it because up until the moment before I retired, everything that I ate and did on a daily basis was working towards a goal. There was a reason I would hold back calories, or a reason I wouldn’t eat sugar or a reason, whatever it was, I had a goal to attain with that.

After you’re done, you don’t really have a goal, so you’re like, I don’t know what the purpose is of me eating, truly. What do I eat, and why? I kind of just had to start from zero, and I went into a lot of classes because I had hit some lows that I really didn’t want to ever hit again, and I wanted to be educated. So I went into psychology, I went into nutrition, I went into personal training. I tried to educate myself to learn: What do you need to be a normal person on a day-to-day basis? And you just have to rewire your whole mind.

The Healthy: We love your Barilla Protein+ collaboration. It’s exciting to see classic brands tailoring their products to our nutritional needs with legitimately good, high-quality ingredients.

Shawn Johnson: It’s so great—it’s so great. As a mom, it brings me so much comfort because instead of in the back of my mind, knowing that the only thing my kids want to eat is pasta and thinking, like, Are they getting too many carbs in a day? The fact that Barilla’s done this [with] the Protein+ and they’ve made it macronutrient-wise so much better—it is amazing. I can feel confident eating it myself, and having it for my kids. The texture and taste is amazing. It’s not like this gritty, funky combo of things. It’s high, high quality. And my two toddlers, my four-year-old and my two-year-old, literally ate an entire box two nights ago for dinner. In my mind I was like, That’s a lot of protein. Yeah, good. It made me proud.

The Healthy: We women in different stages of life are getting reminders about how important it is to get our protein. Are you a high-protein eater?

Shawn Johnson: This is a tangent nobody needs to know about, but no and yes. I recently did a whole nutrition, blood and hormone panel just to see where I was, especially postpartum. They were like, “You are super deficient in protein.” And I was like, “Well, I eat a lot of protein.” And they said, “Track a day for me to see how much is a lot.”

And I think [I’d eaten] 30 grams by the end of the day, which is not good. So now, yes, I eat at least like 120 grams a day.

The Healthy: What else will you be doing this summer besides going to the Olympics?

Shawn Johnson: We have a jam-packed summer. We do a lot of big family trips in the summer with [my husband’s] family and my family, and we just spend a lot of time with the cousins and kids. We are doing a week in Charleston, we’re going to Turks and Caicos with family, which is wild.

The Healthy: That is jam-packed! Is there a self-care routine that you refuse to skip?

Shawn Johnson: Cleaning my face every single night. Even if I’m so tired I’m crying, I cannot go to bed without washing my face.

The Healthy: We’re with you. Your face looks amazing, so healthy.

Shawn Johnson: Thank you.

For more wellness updates, subscribe to The Healthy by Reader’s Digest newsletter and follow The Healthy on Facebook and Instagram. Keep reading:

• Simone Biles’ Mom, Nellie, Opens Up About Managing Type 2 Diabetes: “I Try To Mirror Simone”
• Sha’Carri Richardson Shares the “Biggest Keys” to Preparing Her Body for Her First Olympics
• At Age 5, He Almost Drowned—Now Olympian Cullen Jones Wants Our Kids To Have Swim Lessons